Introduction to safety and loss prevention. Hazards of Chemical and toxic materials: indices, grouping, and ratings. Fires and explosions, ignition and ignition sources. Explicability characteristics for gas and dust, explosivity limits, explosion pressures, ignition temperature, and ignition energy. Methods of protection and prevention, such as bursting discs, relief valves, suppression, and inerting. Design of safety valves, HAZOP and risk analyses for process systems. Safety codes and checklist consideration in design and operation. Maintenance and permit to work proforma. Layers of protection analysis and incident investigations. Several case studies.