In
this work, combined thermal decomposition and extraction of Jordanian
oil shale was investigated experimentally using a batch autoclave device
and toluene as a solvent. The results indicated that oil yield
increases with the increase of temperature and extracting time. The
maximum extract yields of 16%, 9.5% and 6% by weight were obtained at 42
bars and 318°C, 200°C and 150°C, respectively. Supercritical condition
of toluene (42 bars, 318°C) has shown to be a significant one since the
extracted yield was 55% more than that obtained by a classical Fischer
Assay experiment. Kinetic analysis based on film theory has indicated
that the rate of extraction was controlled by the diffusion of extract.