Introduction to op-amp circuits, Bio-potential instrumentation amplifier, and active filters. Introduction to biopotential signals. Introduction to medical instrumentation. Sensors and electrodes: resistive, inductive, and capacitive sensors. Thermistors. Optical measurements. Introduction to Cardiovascular system and instrumentation. Non-invasive blood pressure measurement. Heart-sound measurement. Physics and engineering principles for ECG, EMG, EEG, and EOG systems. Introduction to medical imaging systems: radiography, computed tomography and ultrasound. Therapeutic and prosthetic devices: Cardiac pacemakers. Defibrillators. Ventilators. Infant incubators. Drug delivery devices. Electrosurgical unit. Electrical Safety.